11th ASEAN Council of Physical Education and Sport (ACPES) International Conference 2025

This study conducted a comparative analysis of national physical education curricula at the secondary level in Japan and Cambodia, focusing on their written curricula. While the written curriculum serves as a foundational element for educational quality, existing international comparative data—such as the OECD (2019) report—have predominantly targeted middle‑ and high-income countries, with developing nations largely absent from the analysis. Cambodia represents a noteworthy case, as a resource-limited country that has developed its own physical education curriculum with international support, reflecting its cultural and social contexts. Therefore, using Bereday’s three-stage comparative method (description, juxtaposition, comparison), the study examines official documents from both countries. Findings reveal structural similarities in curriculum goals and content areas, including an emphasis on lifelong sports participation and social competencies. Conversely, some distinctive characteristics of Cambodia’s curriculum became evident through differences observed in comparison with Japan. These include the curriculum revision policy informed by alignment with ASEAN frameworks and the incorporation of bokator, an indigenous martial art, in the martial arts content areas. These differences suggest that Cambodia’s written curriculum reflects contextual characteristics shaped by the country’s unique cultural background and constraints in educational resources. Since this study focused exclusively on a comparison of written curricula, future research should explore other dimensions—such as the taught curriculum and the learned curriculum—in order to further clarify the specific features of Cambodia’s curriculum in actual teaching and learning contexts.

Abstract

Ballroom dancing in the context of Davao City, Philippines has a particular history. This case study uses a cultural approach to investigate the role of society in ballroom dancing through semi-structured interviews, archival documents, and observations. It aims to understand how ballroom dancing has been transformed into a dynamic community practice. Guided by Cultural Diffusion and Historical Theories, this research gathered data from 14 purposively sampled stakeholders employed semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and analysis of relevant documents. The analysis utilized Colaizzi’s method for thematic analysis, which yielded three central themes: first, socio-cultural incorporation on the adaptation of Filipino music, local traditions, and progressive gender norms; second, its formal institutionalization fostered by the Department of Education and local government units, which promoted ballroom as a creative art and a physical education discipline; and third, cultural caregiving wherein ballroom dancing served as a medium for healing, memory, and community. This research illustrates how Davao ballroom culture recontextualizes and transforms global dance traditions, expressive of creative defiance and cultural affirmation within local frameworks. This research expands Southeast Asian dance studies by framing ballroom as more than simply a performed activity; it serves as an embedded testament to culture, social empowerment, and heritage. The results highlight the need for cumulative policy steers, sustained institutional investment, and contextually motivated teaching frameworks necessary to cultivate and safeguard ballroom dancing as an evolved and accessible form of cultural expression in Davao City.

Keywords: Ballroom dancing, Cultural heritage, Qualitative case study, Community identity, Cultural diffusion, Davao City

This study explored the effectiveness of the Interactive Physical Learning Activity for the Young (iPLAY) exergaming system in developing the gross motor skills (GMS) of preschoolers. Traditional GMS assessment and intervention often face challenges with engagement, objectivity, and data tracking, making comprehensive and effective programs difficult. iPLAY, an innovative digital platform, aims to address these limitations by leveraging interactive exergaming technology. In a quasi-experimental design, 93 preschoolers (Intervention: n = 44, 23 girls, 21 boys; mean age = 3.81 ± 1.02 years; Control: n = 49, 26 girls, 23 boys; mean age = 4.24 ± 1.00 years) participated with parental consent and child assent. The intervention group completed 20 sessions of iPLAY exergaming system over 7 weeks, while the control group received standard assessments only. Their GMS were measured using 10 task protocols from the Motor Assessment Test for Children (MATCH; Tan & Lim, 2020) at pre-, mid-, and post-intervention. Results showed significantly greater overall GMS improvement in the intervention group compared to the control group. Specifically, the intervention group demonstrated marked progress in stability and object manipulation, and notable gains in locomotion. These findings highlight iPLAY's potential as a novel, efficient, and engaging digital intervention to enhance GMS in early childhood, offering a contemporary approach to motor skill development and assessment.

This study investigated the effectiveness of an intensive motor intervention for children with Developmental Delay (DD), employing a Constraints-Led Approach (CLA). This methodology emphasizes manipulating individual, task, and environmental constraints to encourage learners to discover optimal movement solutions, rather than prescribing rigid movements. Nineteen children with DD (M age = 6.44 years) participated in a quasi-experimental design, allocated to intervention (n = 11) or control (n = 8) groups. The intervention involved 8 intensive 30-minute sessions, referencing the task protocols from the Motor Assessment Test for Children (MATCH; Tan & Lim, 2020). Accommodations and varied equipment were introduced as manipulating constraints. Gross Motor Skills (GMS) were assessed using MATCH protocols at pre- and post-intervention. While overall GMS showed no statistically significant improvement (p > 0.05) after 8 sessions, component-specific analyses revealed substantial gains within the intervention groups. Specifically, stability improved by 68% in the intervention groups versus a 28% regression in the control group. Object manipulation saw a remarkable 137% gain for intervention participants compared to 78% for controls. These findings suggest that even brief, targeted interventions, when guided by a CLA that fosters problem-solving, can effectively facilitate specific motor skill improvements in children with DD. This underscores the potential of CLA in optimizing intervention efficiency, warranting further investigation with larger samples.

Badminton is an intermittent high-intensity sport characterized by short bursts of explosive actions, rapid changes in direction, and minimal recovery time. The study aimed to analyze the physical fitness characteristics of elite sub-badminton athletes in East Java, Indonesia. The cross-sectional study involved 48 badminton players, including sub-elite (n = 24) and competitive athletes (n = 24), aged 18–25, both male and female, from five badminton clubs. The physical attributes measured included aerobic capacity (Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1), anaerobic power (Wingate Anaerobic Test), speed and agility (5-meter and 10-meter sprint tests, T-test), strength and power (handgrip test, vertical jump, medicine ball throw), and flexibility (sit-and-reach test), following standard sports science methods. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), with effect size calculated using partial eta squared (η²). In VO₂max (mean 56.8 vs. 51.3 ml/kg/min, p < 0.001), vertical jump (52.3 vs. 45.1 cm, p < 0.01), and agility T-test (mean 9.37 vs. 10.12 sec, p < 0.05), elite players performed significantly better than sub-elite players. Both handgrip strength and anaerobic power (peak watts/kg) showed significant effect sizes (η² > 0.14). Agility and aerobic fitness did not differ by gender, but upper-body strength and flexibility did. In competitive badminton, physical fitness elements specifically, aerobic endurance, lower-body power, and agility are key performance differentiators. These results highlight the importance of targeted conditioning programs and regular profiling to maximize athletic development.
Keywords: Badminton, Performance Analysis, Intermittent sport, Physical Performance, Fitness

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to look into the use of Flipped Learning in Physical Education. The PRISMA standards for systematic reviews and meta-analyses were followed in this review investigation. The study must be published within the prior five years, from 2020 to 2024. In thesearch procedure, the following keywords are used: (1) Flipped Learning; (2) Physical Education. The search engines Science Direct (Science Citation Index Expanded; Social Science Citation Index;Arts & Humanities Science Citation Index). Flipped learning in PE benefits can provide an experimental reference for research on later adolescent education, self effacy, enhance students’ serve accuracy, serve quality, and self-reflection, influencing students’ perception and, consequently, the success of this active methodology, self-efficacy successful, concretize, particularly constructive and interactive learning activities. Flipped learning in physical education emerges as a transformative approach, leveraging digital technologies to enhance students' engagement, physical activity levels, and understanding of key concepts. By restructuring the traditional classroom model, educators can optimize class time for active participation and personalized instruction, ultimately fostering holistic development and lifelong fitness habits among students.
Keywords: Flipped Learning, Physical Education, Systematic Literature Review

This study aims to determine the interest of class XI students of SMK N 14 Medan in petanque sports. This study is a quantitative descriptive study with a survey method. The sample in this study was 75 students who were determined using a systematic simple random sampling technique with a three-interval number pattern. The data collection technique used a questionnaire consisting of 27 statement items. The instrument used was a questionnaire compiled based on indicators of interest in petanque sports. The instrument was tested by experts in the field of petanque and experts in the field of psychology. The validity test was tested using SPSS 27 with the average result of the validity test r Count 0.569 > r Table 0.3312 and the result of the reliability test of 0.938. Based on the research results, the interest of class XI students of SMK N 14 Medan is in the Very Low category of 5% (4 students), Low category of 28% (21 students), Medium category of 23% (17 students), High category of 41% (21) students, and Very High category of 3% (2 students). The conclusion of this research is that most of the interest of class XI students of SMK N 14 Medan in petanque sports is still in the moderate category. From the research results, it is recommended that schools can implement and train petanque so that it can increase student interest.

This study aimed to analyze the components of resilience related to continuing exercise behaviors among senior citizens. A total of 100 older adults were selected through accidental sampling at the Phanat Nikhom Municipality sports field, located in the district with the highest proportion of elderly in Chonburi Province. Data were collected from February 1 to March 31, 2023, by using a resilience-based instrument. Exploratory Factor Analysis with principal component extraction and Varimax rotation was employed. The results identified four components with eigenvalues greater than 1.0, accounting for 80.57% of the total variance. These components were as follow: (1) perceived competence and health goals, (2) health care planning ability, (3) support for Exercise Engagement, and (4) learning and adaptability. All variables showed factor loadings above 0.50, indicating strong contributions to resilience in sustaining exercise among older adults.

Keywords: Factor Analysis, Resilience, Senior Citizens, Continuing Exercise, Behavior